How to be Petroleum

The biological theory of petroleum According to the theory of the biological process of oil (oil) passed through the following stages: [1] Algae and plants lived in shallow seas millions of years ago, and when they die, they sink to the bottom of the ocean, and then mix organic matter with other sediments and buried in Bottom. [2] Microorganisms analyze organic matter in sedimentary layers into carbon-rich compounds, where oxygen is very scarce and sometimes non-existent. When organic matter mixes with sediments, source rocks are formed. With the deposition of new sedimentary layers on them, intense pressure and heat are generated on the source rock. Pressure and heat lead to the extraction of crude oil and natural gas from organic matter. Thus, the earth's crust moves to limit oil and natural gas in reservoir reservoirs between layers of non-abrasive rocks, such as granite or marble. It should be noted that the movements of the crust are as follows: [1] Folding: horizontal movements, where the pressure to the inside, and the displacement of rock layers to the top, which leads to folding or convex. Fractures: The movement of layers of cracked rock up or down. Pressure up: A layer of non-exhausting rock is pressed up toward the source rock. Chemical theory for petroleum There are other explanations for the origin and the oil, including the chemical theory that explain that the origin of oil is the very deep carbon deposits, which existed before the existence of life on this planet long, and appeared in the early sixteenth century, and knew the theory of oil [3] This theory has been ignored for a long time, until some scientists have recently talked about it. This theory assumes that the origins of oil originate about 4.5 billion years ago, before The emergence of any form of life on the planet, [3] and requires this The theory that carbon has been associated with hydrogen under great temperature and pressure, below sea level and led to the formation of oil and gas, and then the leakage of oil and gas through porous rocks to be stored in various wells underground. [4] Properties of petroleum and extraction methods are extracted Oil from the ground using giant drilling machines, which extract oil from large wells under the ground or the bottom of the ocean, it is worth mentioning that there are several colors of crude oil, which belong to the different structures that make up, and usually the color of black or brown Dark, but also can be a liquidator A, or reddish, or it can be a bronze color, or even green, and the oil that contains less than metals or sulfur ratios, tends to be lighter than others.